Version 1.0
Effective: May 2026
UPPS 101: General Product Disclosures
Establishes the baseline requirements for the disclosure of product-level information under the Universal Product Passport Standards (UPPS).
UPPS 101 defines the minimum set of disclosures that organizations shall provide to ensure that product-level information is consistent, comparable, and decision-useful across jurisdictions.
[NORMATIVE]
Sections 1-10 contain normative requirements that shall be followed for UPPS compliance. Guidance sections provide non-binding recommendations.
Introduction
UPPS 101 establishes the baseline disclosure requirements applicable to all products under the Universal Product Passport Standards (UPPS).
This Standard defines the minimum set of product-level disclosures necessary to ensure that product information is consistent, comparable, and decision-useful across organizations, industries, and jurisdictions.
UPPS 101 applies to all organizations that manufacture, assemble, distribute, or place products on the market and are required, or choose, to disclose product-level information in accordance with UPPS.
The disclosures defined in this Standard provide the foundation upon which additional thematic and industry-specific disclosures are built.
Objective
The objective of UPPS 101 is to ensure that organizations disclose essential product-level information that enables:
- Identification of the product and its key characteristics
- Understanding of product composition and material structure
- Transparency regarding product lifecycle stages
- Consistent interpretation of product information across stakeholders
UPPS 101 establishes a common baseline for product disclosures that supports comparability and interoperability across regulatory and market contexts.
Scope
UPPS 101 applies to all physical products across industries and geographies.
Organizations shall apply this Standard to each product, product model, or product category, depending on the level at which disclosures are made.
Where products differ materially in composition, design, or lifecycle characteristics, separate disclosures shall be provided.
UPPS 101 does not prescribe the level of aggregation but requires that the chosen level of disclosure ensures that information is not misleading and remains decision-useful.
UPPS 101 does not prescribe the level of aggregation but requires that disclosures remain accurate, non-misleading, and decision-useful.
General Requirements
4.1Basis of Disclosure
Organizations shall prepare disclosures in a manner that ensures:
- Accuracy and completeness of information
- Consistency across reporting periods
- Transparency in assumptions and methodologies
Where estimates are used, organizations shall disclose the basis of estimation.
4.2Boundaries
Organizations shall define the boundaries of each disclosure, including:
- Organizational boundary (which entity is responsible)
- Product boundary (what components are included)
- Lifecycle boundary (which stages are covered)
4.3Units and Measurement
Disclosures shall be presented using standardized units where applicable.
Where units are not standardized, organizations shall clearly define the unit of measurement used.
4.4Data Sources and Verification
Organizations shall disclose:
- The source of data (measured, estimated, supplier-provided)
- Whether the information has been verified, and if so, by whom
General Product Disclosures
Organizations shall disclose the following information for each product. These disclosures constitute the minimum baseline requirements under UPPS 101.
5.1Product IdentificationUPPS 101.5.1
Disclosure Requirement
Organizations shall disclose information that uniquely identifies the product.
Required Disclosures
- Product name
- Product model or identifier
- Product category
- Brand or manufacturer
Guidance
[INFORMATIVE]
The following guidance provides non-binding recommendations for implementation.
The product identifier should enable unambiguous identification of the product across systems and markets. Organizations should use globally recognized identification systems where available, such as GTIN (Global Trade Item Number), EAN (European Article Number), or UPC (Universal Product Code).
For products without standardized identifiers, organizations should establish internal identification systems that ensure consistency and traceability. The product name should be the commercial name under which the product is marketed. The model or identifier should distinguish between different versions or variants of the same product.
Product categories should align with recognized classification systems such as UNSPSC (United Nations Standard Products and Services Code) or industry-specific taxonomies. Brand and manufacturer information should clearly identify the legal entity responsible for placing the product on the market.
5.2Product Description and Intended UseUPPS 101.5.2
Disclosure Requirement
Organizations shall disclose a description of the product and its intended use.
Required Disclosures
- Functional description of the product
- Intended use or application
- Key performance characteristics
Guidance
[INFORMATIVE]
The following guidance provides non-binding recommendations for implementation.
The functional description should clearly articulate what the product does and how it operates. This should be written in plain language accessible to non-technical stakeholders while maintaining technical accuracy. The description should be concise yet comprehensive enough to differentiate the product from similar items.
Intended use or application should specify the primary purpose for which the product is designed, including any specific use cases, target markets, or user groups. Organizations should also disclose any known limitations or contraindications for use.
Key performance characteristics should include measurable attributes that define the product's functionality, such as capacity, efficiency, output, durability ratings, or other relevant technical specifications. These characteristics should be quantified where possible and expressed in standard units of measurement.
5.3Application of Thematic StandardsUPPS 101.5.3
Disclosure Requirement
Organizations shall apply relevant thematic UPPS standards to provide detailed product information.
Thematic Standards
- UPPS 201 - Establishes disclosure requirements for environmental characteristics and impacts of products.
- UPPS 301 - Establishes disclosure requirements for circularity characteristics of products.
- UPPS 401 - Establishes disclosure requirements for supply chain transparency and traceability of products.
- UPPS 501 - Establishes disclosure requirements for labor practices, supply chain conditions, and product-level societal impact.
Guidance
[INFORMATIVE]
The following guidance provides non-binding recommendations for implementation.
Organizations shall apply thematic standards based on the nature of the product and applicable regulatory or market requirements. UPPS 101 provides the baseline identification and description; thematic standards (201, 301, 401, 501) provide detailed disclosures on specific aspects of product sustainability and responsibility.
The selection of applicable thematic standards should be driven by materiality assessment, regulatory obligations, and stakeholder expectations. Not all thematic standards will be relevant for every product. Organizations should document the rationale for including or excluding specific thematic standards.
When multiple thematic standards apply, organizations should ensure consistency across disclosures and avoid contradictions. Cross-references between related disclosures should be provided where appropriate to support integrated understanding of product impacts and characteristics.
Passport Metadata Layer
The Passport Metadata Layer establishes the foundational identification and tracking information required for all product passports.
This section defines the minimum metadata fields that enable unique identification, versioning, and traceability of product passports across systems and jurisdictions.
6.1Required Passport MetadataUPPS 101.6.1
Disclosure Requirement
Organizations shall disclose the following passport metadata fields.
Required Disclosures
- passport_id - Unique identifier for the product passport
- passport_version - Version number of the passport
- passport_created - Date and time of passport creation
- passport_updated - Date and time of last update
- passport_issuer - Entity responsible for issuing the passport
- passport_status - Current status of the passport (e.g., active, deprecated)
Guidance
[INFORMATIVE]
The following guidance provides non-binding recommendations for implementation.
The passport identifier should be globally unique and persistent across the product lifecycle. Organizations should use UUIDs or other globally unique identifier schemes.
Version control enables tracking of changes to passport information over time, supporting auditability and regulatory compliance requirements.
QR / Data Carrier Metadata
The QR / Data Carrier Metadata defines how passport information is encoded and accessed through physical data carriers.
This section specifies the requirements for QR codes, NFC tags, or other data carriers that link physical products to their digital passports.
7.1Required Data Carrier MetadataUPPS 101.7.1
Disclosure Requirement
Organizations shall disclose the following data carrier metadata.
Required Disclosures
- qr_identifier - Unique identifier encoded in the QR code or data carrier
- qr_type - Type of data carrier (e.g., QR code, NFC, barcode)
- qr_url - URL that the data carrier resolves to
- qr_encoding - Encoding standard used (e.g., UTF-8, base64)
- qr_expiry - Expiration date of the data carrier, if applicable
Guidance
[INFORMATIVE]
The following guidance provides non-binding recommendations for implementation.
Data carriers should use open standards and be readable by common consumer devices. QR codes should be scannable with standard smartphone cameras.
The URL should resolve directly to the product passport or a landing page that provides access to passport information.
Documentation Layer
The Documentation Layer provides access to essential product documentation and technical information.
This section defines the required documentation that supports product understanding, installation, and maintenance.
8.1Required DocumentationUPPS 101.8.1
Disclosure Requirement
Organizations shall disclose the following documentation fields.
Required Disclosures
- user_manual - User manual or operating instructions
- installation_guide - Installation or assembly instructions
- technical_datasheet - Technical specifications and datasheet
Guidance
[INFORMATIVE]
The following guidance provides non-binding recommendations for implementation.
Documentation should be provided in machine-readable formats (e.g., PDF, HTML) and be accessible through the product passport interface.
Where documentation is not available, organizations should disclose the reason and provide alternative sources of information.
Presentation of Information
Disclosures shall be presented in a manner that ensures clarity, consistency, and accessibility.
- Use clear and understandable language
- Maintain consistency across products and reporting periods
- Ensure accessibility to intended users
Organizations should consider the information needs of diverse stakeholders, including regulators, customers, and supply chain partners.
Effective Date
UPPS 101 is effective from May 1, 2026.
Organizations shall comply with this Standard from the effective date, subject to transition provisions.
Relationship with Other Standards
UPPS 101 is the foundational standard upon which other UPPS standards are built.
- UPPS 101 provides the baseline for product identification and description
- Thematic standards (201, 301, 401) provide detailed disclosures on specific aspects
- UPPS 101 shall be applied in conjunction with applicable thematic standards
Transition Provisions
Organizations may adopt UPPS 101 progressively.
Where full disclosure is not immediately feasible, organizations shall disclose:
- Which requirements have been fulfilled
- Which requirements are pending
- A timeline for full compliance
Compliance Checklist
[INFORMATIVE]
This checklist provides a summary of key compliance requirements for UPPS 101. Refer to the normative sections above for complete requirements.
Product Identification (UPPS 101.5.1)
- Disclose product name
- Disclose product model or identifier
- Disclose product category
- Disclose brand or manufacturer
- Ensure product identifier enables unambiguous identification
Product Description (UPPS 101.5.2)
- Disclose functional description of product
- Disclose intended use or application
- Disclose key performance characteristics
- Describe in plain language accessible to non-technical stakeholders
Thematic Standards (UPPS 101.5.3)
- Apply relevant thematic standards (201, 301, 401, 501)
- Document rationale for including/excluding thematic standards
- Ensure consistency across multiple thematic standards
General Requirements (Section 4)
- Ensure accuracy and completeness of information
- Maintain consistency across reporting periods
- Define disclosure boundaries (organizational, product, lifecycle)
- Use standardized units of measurement
- Disclose data sources and verification status
Presentation Requirements (Section 6)
- Present disclosures clearly and understandably
- Maintain consistency across products and reporting periods
- Ensure accessibility to intended users